What is protocols? || What is protocol in networking ? How does it work || Concept of Internet

What are protocols   What is protocol in networking  How does it work  Concept of the Internet and www?

What Is an Organization Convention, and How Can It Work?

• An organization convention is a laid out set of decisions that decide how information is communicated between various gadgets in a similar organization. Basically, it permits associated gadgets to speak with one another, no matter what any distinctions in their inward cycles, construction, or plan. Network conventions are the explanation you can undoubtedly speak with individuals everywhere, and in this way assume a basic part in current computerized correspondences.

• Like the way that communicating in a similar language works on correspondence between two individuals, network conventions make it feasible for gadgets to collaborate with one another in light of foreordained rules incorporated into gadgets' products and equipment. Neither neighborhood (LAN) nor wide region organizations (WAN) could work how they do today without the utilization of organization conventions.

What is the protocol?

• Different types of networking operating systems use different languages to control the communication process between the computers. These languages are called Network protocols.

• A protocol is a set of rules that governs the communication between computers on a network. There are many protocols, each one governing the way a certain technology works. For example, the IP protocol defines a set of rules governing the way computers use IP packets to send data over the Internet. It also defines addressing in IP. Likewise, we have other protocols, such as:-

• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol is used for communication over a network. It is a connection-based protocol. The data is broken down into small packets and then sent to the destination. It is one of the most important protocols that function at the transport layer of the OSI model.

• HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used for transmitting and displaying information in the form of web pages on browsers. It is basically used for downloading files, media, text, and various other forms from the server in a secure way. It makes use of a secure socket layer to add an extra feature of security of the network. If data is transferred over the internet after being encrypted, it makes sure that anyone who intercepts data cannot decipher it easily. It works at the application layer and makes use of TCP protocol for the purpose of transfer of data.

• FTP: File Transfer Protocol is used for file transfer ( uploading and downloading ) over the internet. It works at the Application layer of the OSI model.

• POP: The most common protocol for receiving mail is Post Office Protocol (POP). It is now in version 3, so it is called POP3. POP2 is an application layer protocol that allows the client to retrieve and download emails from the server. It is simple to connect to the server to download emails. Once you have downloaded them it is easy to read them offline. This protocol has been used in email applications to serve their purpose.

• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used for email. It is used for the purpose of transmission of emails over the network. Not only can it transfer emails within networks, but it can also transfer them between different networks.

• Ethernet: It is the most popular protocol used for LAN communication. It transfers the information in digital packets. If any computer wants to use this protocol, it must contain Ethernet Network Interface Card. This card is a unique address code fixed in the microchip.

• Wi-Fi: One of the wireless protocols.

• IP: Internet Protocol is also known as TCP. It is an addressing protocol. The IP addresses in packets help in routing them through different nodes in a network until they reach their right destination. The IP protocol was developed in 1970.

• UDP: It is usually known as User Datagram protocol. It is the transport layer of the OSI model. It is a connectionless protocol that enables the transfer of data over the network. However, it does not ensure that the data arrives at its destination perfectly without any errors. Moreover, if there is any change or error in the data, it will not be detected ever. Hence, it is used in those situations where the security and perfection of data do not matter, but the speed of transfer is important.

• Gopher: Gopher is a collection of rules implemented for searching; retrieving as well as displaying documents from sites. It also works on the client/ server principle.

• Telnet: It is a set of rules for connecting one system with another. The connecting process is termed a remote login. The system which requests for connection is the local computer, and the system which accepts the connection is the remote computer.

Internet:

• The Internet has been in a state of continuous evolution since the late 1960s. Some simplified descriptions of the internet are a large computer network or network of networks, and an instantaneous and global messaging system.

• The Internet has become much more than this. It has grown into an important infrastructure supporting a widespread, multi-disciplinary community.

• This community now consists of students, scientists and researchers, large corporations, non-profit organizations, government agencies, and individual consumers.

Read More:

1. Introduction to the internet, www, and Web

2. E-mail Social Networking